現在完成式:since / for

A · 文法重點

廣東話冇直接對應嘅現在完成式,所以呢個係香港人最容易混淆嘅時態,值得多花時間。

  • past simple過去已完。用 in / on / at + 時間點,或 for + 已結束嘅時長。
  • present perfect過去開始,到而家仍然成立。用 since + 時間點,或 for + 仍未完嘅時長;或者用 never.
B · 字面相似,時間意思大不同

下面兩句睇落差唔多,時態唔同,意思就唔同。

past I stayed in Bristol for 3 days.

呢次停留已完,我而家唔喺 Bristol。

PAST NOW FUTURE 3 days (ended)

perfect I've stayed in Bristol for 3 days.

我三日前嚟到,到而家仲喺 Bristol。

PAST NOW FUTURE 3 days (still going)
C · 「I have lived in London …」

呢句係考試最常見嘅現在完成式,你過去嚟到倫敦,到而家仲住喺度。

2022 NOW (2026) FUTURE I have lived in London since 2022. = for 4 years and still going
D · 揀啱嘅時態

每句都係考試會用嘅答案,睇句子裡面嘅時間提示,揀啱動詞形式。

E · 考官會問嘅問題